An abnormal heart rhythm (or heartbeat) is called an arrhythmia or dysrhythmia. It's an issue with the heart's electrical system, which can be life-threatening.
Anomalous coronary arteries result when the coronary arteries don’t come from the usual location on the large artery that arises from the heart (aorta).
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return occurs when oxygen-rich blood from the lungs mixes with poorly oxygenated blood before being pumped into the body.
A vascular ring is when there's an abnormal formation of the main artery delivering blood from the heart to the body (aorta) and its associated blood vessels.
Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital condition where the main blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body (aorta) is narrowed.
In truncus arteriosus, a single blood vessel emerges from the heart, failing to completely separate into two vessels normally: a pulmonary artery and an aorta.
In tricuspid atresia, the tricuspid valve, which is between the heart’s upper right (right atrium) and lower right (right ventricle) chambers, doesn’t develop.